was munich in west or east germany was munich in west or east germany

The Grnwald castle is the only medieval castle in the Munich area which still exists. After the end of postwar American occupation in 1949, there was a great increase in population and economic power during the years of Wirtschaftswunder, or "economic miracle". [72], Since 1963, Munich has been hosting the Munich Security Conference, held annually in the Hotel Bayerischer Hof. The track is in Nrburg, about 3.5 hours at autobahn speed from Nuremberg, site of the famous Nazi trials. The country became the center of a standoff between the Soviet Union and Western powers. [52], The Prince Regent Luitpold's reign from 1886 till 1912 was marked by tremendous artistic and cultural activity in Munich. Ein Jahrhundertwerk. The Karlstor leads up to the Stachus, a square dominated by the Justizpalast (Palace of Justice) and a fountain. It outranks Frankfurt though as home of insurance companies such as Allianz (insurance) and Munich Re (re-insurance).[156]. The headquarters of the German branch of Random House, the world's largest publishing house, and of Burda publishing group are also in Munich. Fritz Lutz: Oberfhring. InterCity and EuroCity trains to destinations east of Munich also stop at Munich East. ISBN 3-87364-023-6, Landeshauptstadt Mnchen, Direktorium, Statistisches Amt: Statistisches Jahrbuch 2007, page 206 (Statistical Yearbook of the City of Munich 2007), Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Frstenried-Solln, Globalization and World Rankings Research Institute, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Wittelsbach collection of Greek and Roman antiquities, Catholic Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences, Katholische Stiftungsfachhochschule Mnchen, Grund- und Mittelschule an der Hochstrae, Grundschule an der Sdlichen Auffahrtsallee, Edith-Stein-Gymnasium der Erzdizese Mnchen und Freising, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Social Law, Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research, EU legislation concerning the concentration of particulate, Franz Josef Strauss International Airport, Jeannette, Hereditary Princess of Frstenberg, Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria, Sophie, Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein, List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany, Liste der Oberbrgermeister in den kreisfreien Stdten, "Daten und Fakten aus der Metropolregion Mnchen", "Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevlkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag", "Munich Named The Most Livable City In The World", "Immobilien: Das sind die 10 teuersten Stdte in Deutschland", "Die 10 teuersten Stdte Deutschlands 2020", "Alpha, Beta and Gamma cities (updated 2015)", "Wo die reichsten und rmsten Stdte Deutschlands liegen", "Auslnderanteil in der Bevlkerung: In Mnchen ist die ganze Welt zu Hause Abendzeitung Mnchen", "Archologie: Forscher finden 3000 Jahre altes Grab in Mnchen", "Muenchen.de - das offizielle Stadtportal fr Mnchen", "Sensationsfund: Die berreste der ersten Pasinger", "Archologie in Mnchen - Archologische Staatssammlung Mnchen", https://www.museen-in-bayern.de/museums-in-bavaria/exhibitions/ausstellung.html?L=1&tx_landesstelle_searchmuseum%5Baid%5D=5898&tx_landesstelle_searchmuseum%5Bmid%5D=923&tx_landesstelle_searchmuseum%5BsearchPage%5D=540&tx_landesstelle_searchmuseum%5Baction%5D=showShowroom&tx_landesstelle_searchmuseum%5Bcontroller%5D=Search&cHash=88b18f623d2d7435ad13c1e08a5c49f5, https://www.2.stammstrecke-muenchen.de/archaeologie.html, https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/pest-mittelalter-geschichte-1.4250084, https://archive.org/details/liberation-of-munich-april-30-1945, "Munich, Germany Kppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)", "Extremwertetafel (Mnchen-Botanischer Garten)", "Die auslndische Bevlkerung nach der Staatsangehrigkeit 2017", "Die auslndische Bevlkerung nach der Staatsangehrigkeit 2020", "Landeshauptstadt Mnchen: Bevlkerungsbestand - Aktuelle Jahreszahlen: Die Bevlkerung in den Stadtbezirken nach ausgewhlten Konfessionen am 31.12.2017", "Bevlkerung im regionalen Vergleich nach Religion (ausfhrlich) in%", "Extremisten sind eine kleine Minderheit", "Bordeaux Rayonnement europen et mondial", "Bordeaux-Atlas franais de la coopration dcentralise et des autres actions extrieures", "Sister Cities International Community Bureau", "Olympia 2018 in Sdkorea, Mnchen chancenlos", "Public Outdoor Swimming Pools in Munich", "What's on? The borders between East and West Berlin, however, remained physically undivided, and getting to West Berlin became the easiest way to escape to West Germany. [citation needed], From the Gothic to the Baroque era, the fine arts were represented in Munich by artists like Erasmus Grasser, Jan Polack, Johann Baptist Straub, Ignaz Gnther, Hans Krumpper, Ludwig von Schwanthaler, Cosmas Damian Asam, Egid Quirin Asam, Johann Baptist Zimmermann, Johann Michael Fischer and Franois de Cuvillis. Peter Siebenmorgen: Franz Josef Strau, Ein Leben im berma. The cycle paths usually involve a longer route than by the road, as they are diverted around objects, and the presence of pedestrians can make them quite slow. After the 2018 Bavarian state election, the composition and representation of each was as follows: In the Bundestag, Munich is divided between four constituencies. Several other high-rise buildings are located near the city centre and on the Siemens campus in southern Munich. Deutsche Bahn Website. In the East, 74 percent of women work, compared with 68 percent in the West. The arts and politics became increasingly influenced by the court. Zur 75-Jahrfeier der Eingemeindung Oberfhrings. Find unique places to stay with local hosts in 191 countries. Old Norse verjar defender, settler), from Proto Indo-European. The East-West Peace Church is hidden in a grove of trees in Munich's busy Olympic Park. In the Isarvorstadt you will find the Deutsches Museum and the famous Glockenbachviertel (scene quarter with pubs, restaurants, gays and lesbians). Mnchen Hauptbahnhof serves about 450,000 passengers a day, which puts it on par with other large stations in Germany, such as Hamburg Hauptbahnhof and Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof. ISBN 0-224-07121-1. Greenpeace misst Feinstaub und Dieselru in Mnchen", "Munich Transport Corporation (MVG) Sustainability Report 2014/2015", "Munich Public Transportation Statistics", Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, "Flughafen Oberpfaffenhofen: Rolle rckwrts Bayern Aktuelles merkur-online", "Flughafen Oberpfaffenhofen Business-Jets willkommen Mnchen", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munich&oldid=1142743298. The state parliament (the Landtag) and the new archdiocese of Munich and Freising were also located in the city. ISBN 978-3-86520-447-9. The data is supposed to be used to create a plan for action for adapting the city to better deal with climate change as well as an integrated action program for climate protection in Munich. Other major inter city connections connected by EuroCity-trains or InterCityExpresses would be . Cole, Robert A. [118] There are hundreds of stalls selling handmade goods, Christmas ornaments and decorations, and Bavarian Christmas foods including pastries, roasted nuts, and gluwein.[118]. Ludwigvorstadt and Isarvorstadt. [168] However, in October 2009, the permit allowing up to 9725 business flights per year to depart from or land at Oberpfaffenhofen was confirmed by a regional judge.[169]. Also mention the methods of transportation you would use to effect your escape. In addition, these paths go through public squares and open spaces increasing the enjoyment of the trip (see image). With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020,[4] it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and thus the largest which does not constitute its own state, as well as the 11th-largest city in the European Union. Three victims of a deadly avalanche in southeastern British Columbia have been identified as German citizens. In Berlin, this was 53 minutes and 28 seconds ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which was then the world's time standard. Major displays include Albrecht Drer's Christ-like Self-Portrait (1500), his Four Apostles, Raphael's paintings The Canigiani Holy Family and Madonna Tempi as well as Peter Paul Rubens large Judgment Day. The former Dachau concentration camp is 16km (10mi) outside the city. Still active today for both cinema and TV, the Bavaria Film studios are located in Geiselgasteig, 10km (6 miles) south of the city center. One of the best-known newly established Munich companies is Flixbus. [44], The Bavarian state proceeded to take control over the beer market, by regulating all taxes on beer in 1806 and 1811. Munich Munchen. [94] About 1% adhere to other Christian denominations. From 1948 to 1952, the boundary between East and West Germany evolved from Bavaria Bayern. While certain streets are discontinuous for cars, they connect to a network of pedestrian and bike paths, which permeate the entire centre. [43] In October 1810 a beer festival was held on the meadows just outside Munich to commemorate the wedding of the crown price and princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Furthermore, Munich is the home of the headquarters of many other large companies such as the injection moulding machine manufacturer Krauss-Maffei, the camera and lighting manufacturer Arri, the semiconductor firm Infineon Technologies (headquartered in the suburban town of Neubiberg), lighting giant Osram, as well as the German or European headquarters of many foreign companies such as Microsoft. He strengthened the city's position by granting it the salt monopoly, thus assuring it of additional income. Great room in top location with green view . In 1876 Munich hosted the first German Art and Industry Exhibition, which showcased the northern Neo-Renaissance fashion that came to be the German Empire's predominant style. Munich remains one of the centres of the German film and entertainment industry. [69], The city was heavily damaged by Allied bombing during World War II, with 71 air raids over five years. [8] Munich is consistently ranked as one of the most expensive cities in Germany in terms of real estate prices and rental costs. BERLIN (AP) German investigators said Friday that they seized weapons, including three hand grenades and a crossbow, from the home of a suspected anti-government extremist that was searched as part of a hate speech probe. Summary about cost of living in Stuttgart, Germany: Family of four estimated monthly costs are 3,262$ (2,800) without rent. The group had distributed leaflets in several cities and following the 1943 Battle of Stalingrad members of the group stenciled slogans such as "Down with Hitler" and "Hitler the Mass Murderer" on public buildings in Munich. Munich has significance as a financial centre (second only to Frankfurt), being home of HypoVereinsbank and the Bayerische Landesbank. The dance was supposed to be held every 7 years. [79] About 20 percent of buildings in Munich now have a green roof, the Munich city council has been encouraging better stormwater management since the 1990s with regulations and subsidies.[80]. Answer is No. become East Germany was almost 17 million. . "Appeasing Hitler: The Munich Crisis of 1938: A Teaching and Learning Resource," New England Journal of History (2010) 66#2 pp 130. Some notable bars (pubs are located all over the city) are Schumann's Bar, Havana Club, Sehnsucht, Bar Centrale, Holy Home, Negroni, Die Goldene Bar and Bei Otto. Mainline trains converge on Hauptbahnhof from all parts of Germany and beyond, so you normally change there for S- and U-Bahn trains to Munich's eastern districts. The Max Planck Society, an independent German non-profit research organisation, has its administrative headquarters in Munich. Nearby St. Peter the Gothic hall-church Heiliggeistkirche (The Church of the Holy Spirit) was converted to baroque style from 1724 onwards and looks down upon the Viktualienmarkt. Winter tends to have less precipitation, the least in February. Traffic jams are commonplace during rush hour as well as at the beginning and end of major holidays in Germany. [42], The Catholic League was founded in Munich in 1609. The pictures of the fences between Hungary and Austria being cut went around the world in May 1989, prompting thousands of East Germans to make their way to Hungary. After World War I, the city was at the centre of substantial political unrest. It culminated in the construction of the Berlin Wall in August 1961. He had dissolved all monasteries in 1802 and once crowned, Max Joseph I generated state revenues by selling off church lands. The warmest month, on average, is July. Between these are fields of fluvio-glacial out-wash, such as around Munich. Munich (/mjunk/ MEW-nik; German: Mnchen [mnn] (listen); Bavarian: Minga [m()] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. [119] It became a public festival in 1751 and is now the second largest beer festival in Munich. Bernd Meier, Ludwig Maile: Heilig Kreuz Frttmaning 815-1990. The large Residenz palace complex (begun in 1385) on the edge of Munich's Old Town, Germany's largest urban palace, ranks among Europe's most significant museums of interior decoration. In November 2016 the city council concluded officially that a further rise in medium temperature, a higher number of heat extremes, a rise in the number of hot days and nights with temperatures higher than 20C (tropical nights), a change in precipitation patterns, as well as a rise in the number of local instances of heavy rain, is to be expected as part of the ongoing climate change. Trains. Leo, Mnchen 1992, ISBN 3-928935-00-3, Moorhouse, Roger, Killing Hitler: The Third Reich and the Plots against the Fhrer. [141] From 1995 to 2001, Munich was also home to the Union Move, one of the largest technoparades in Germany. This includes more companies listed by the DAX than any other German city, as well as the German or European headquarters of many foreign companies such as McDonald's and Microsoft. The city's zoo is the Tierpark Hellabrunn near the Flaucher Island in the Isar in the south of the city. The east is. The city houses many multinational companies, such as BMW, Siemens, MAN, Allianz and MunichRE. In the first six months of this year, an average of 55 East Germans a month fled directly into West Germany by scaling the Berlin Wall, according to the August 13 Working Group, a private . [112], Munich has a reputation as a surfing hotspot, offering the world's best known river surfing spot, the Eisbach wave, which is located at the southern edge of the Englischer Garten park and used by surfers day and night and throughout the year. Germany is a federal, parliamentary, representative democratic republic. Rows of elegant town houses and spectacular urban palais in many colours, often elaborately decorated with ornamental details on their faades, make up large parts of the areas west of Leopoldstrae (Schwabing's main shopping street), while in the eastern areas between Leopoldstrae and Englischer Garten similar buildings alternate with almost rural-looking houses and whimsical mini-castles, often decorated with small towers. Dresden. When Bavaria was reunited in 1506 after a brief war against the Duchy of Landshut, Munich became its capital. Shortly before the opening ceremony, Munich also inaugurated a sizable pedestrian priority zone between Klarlsplatz and Marienplatz. The city continued to play a highly significant role in the German economy, politics and culture, giving rise to its nickname Heimliche Hauptstadt ("secret capital") in the decades after World War II. The Baiuvarii or Bavarians (German: Bajuwaren) were a Germanic people. The city was home to the Blue Rider's painters Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky, Alexej von Jawlensky, Gabriele Mnter, Franz Marc, August Macke and Alfred Kubin. [19], Archeological finds in Munich, such as in Freiham/Aubing, indicate early settlements and graves dating back to the Bronze Age. One of them was the travesty nightclub Old Mrs. Henderson, where Freddie Mercury, who lived in Munich from 1979 to 1985, filmed the music video for the song Living on My Own at his 39th birthday party. Nockherberg, Hofbrukeller (not to be confused with the Hofbruhaus) and Lwenbrukeller are other beer gardens. Munich (Mnchen, pop. RFFB0FFM - GERMANY SOUTH EAST. Volk Verlag, Mnchen 2015, Bernhard cker: Die bayrische Eisenbahn 18351920. (CBC News) Three victims of a deadly avalanche in southeastern . The Circus Krone based in Munich is one of the largest circuses in Europe. [132] It was the first and still is one of only a few in Western Europe to also occupy a building of its own. Many of Valentin's works wouldn't be imaginable without his congenial female partner Liesl Karlstadt, who often played male characters to hilarious effect in their sketches. [46] By the 1850s beer had become essential staple food for Munich's working and lower classes. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is ten minutes, whilst 6% of passengers wait for over twenty minutes on average every day. [6] Once Bavaria was established as a sovereign kingdom in 1806, Munich became a major European centre of arts, architecture, culture and science. Thomas Mann wrote in his novella Gladius Dei about this period: "Mnchen leuchtete" (literally "Munich shone"). The Black Forest gets its name from the oppressive canopy of evergreens looming above the forest floor. The town is first mentioned as forum apud Munichen in the Augsburg arbitration[de] of 14 June 1158 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. The station became 'Bayerischer Rundfunk' in 1931. The East-West Church of Peace in Munich was built in the 1950s by Father Timofej and his wife Natascha at Oberwiesenfeld, today's Olympic Park. In today's war, the invading army marches from the East, and more than a million Ukrainian refugees head West - to Germany in a mirror retrograde of history. In 1175, Munich received city status and fortification. World leaders converge this weekend on Germany for the annual Munich Security Conference which will be dominated by the Ukraine crisis as major Western powers warn the Kremlin looks close to . [127] Food can be bought in each tent, as well as at various stalls throughout the fairgrounds. In 1807 the king abolished all ordinances that limited the number of apprentices and journeymen a brewery could employ. Summary about cost of living in Nuremberg, Germany: Family of four estimated monthly costs are 3,112$ (2,682) without rent. Unfortunately its about a 5 hour drive or a 6+ hour train ride to the Black Forest area from Munich one-way. Germany is a country located in Western and Central Europe. Our hotel is next door to the Munich Donnersbergerbrcke station, granting you easy access to everything the city has to offer. Munich also has an extensive network of bus lines. Brewers and the beer taverns (Wirtshuser) were taxed, and the state also controlled the quality of beer while limiting the competition among breweries. It is dark amber in colour and has a heavy malty taste. [142][143] Within the city's limits are more than 100 nightclubs and thousands of bars and restaurants. Starkbier is the strongest Munich beer, with 6%9% alcohol content. It is the home of the Bavarian State Opera and the Bavarian State Orchestra. Oktoberfest hosts 144 caterers and employees 13,000 people. Munich is also home of the famous Nockherberg Strong Beer Festival during the Lenten fasting period (usually in March). One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation, which includes the historical Bavaria and parts of Swabia and Franconia. Ludwigstrae also begins at Odeonsplatz and runs from south to north, skirting the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt, the St. Louis church, the Bavarian State Library and numerous state ministries and palaces. Duke Louis IV, a native of Munich, was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328. After World War II, Germany was divided into West and East. The most recent mayoral election was held on 15 March 2020, with a runoff held on 29 March, and the results were as follows: The Munich city council (Stadtrat) governs the city alongside the Mayor. [citation needed] The Renaissance movement beset Munich and the Bavarian branch of the House of Wittelsbach under the Duke of Bavaria Albrecht V bolstered their prestige by conjuring up a lineage that reached back to Classical antiquity. As the capital of Bavaria, Munich is an important political centre for both the state and country as a whole. Austro-Bavarian has no official status by the Bavarian authorities or local government, yet is recognised by the SIL and has its own ISO-639 code. Source: Data provided by Bundesminister fir Innerdeutsche Beziehungen, Bonn. [45] In 1831 the king's government introduced a cost-of-living allowance on beer for lower-ranking civil servants and soldiers. Henry wanted to expand his power in Bavaria by gaining control of the lucrative salt trade, which the Catholic Church in Freising had under its control. Retiring in Germany: who can retire? Retrieved 22 July 2017. A modern bike hire system is available within the area bounded by the Mittlerer Ring. The Munich Airport, which commenced operations in 1992, was named in his honor. Two meteorological stations are responsible for the climatological data so that they are interpolated. The German Democratic Republic (GDR), German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), often known in English as East Germany, existed from 1949 to 1990. : 1.48 million), capital and largest city of Bavaria, founded in the 12th century by Benedictine monks. For many decades, the country was divided into two: East and West Germany. Mozart, Carl Maria von Weber, Richard Wagner, Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss, Max Reger and Carl Orff. No religious affiliation is off the charts in the east. Nine other Israelis were held hostage as the terrorists bargained for the release of 200 Palestinian prisoners in Israel. Bavarianoun. Parts of Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Frstenried-Solln and Laim, Parts of Untergiesing-Harlaching and Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Frstenried-Solln, Pasing-Obermenzing, Aubing-Lochhausen-Langwied, Allach-Untermenzing, Schwabing-Freimann, Maxvorstadt, Altstadt-Lehe, Ludwigsvorstadt-Isarvorstadt, Schwanthalerhhe, Parts of Au-Haidhausen and Untergiesing-Harlaching, Maxvorstadt, Schwabing-West, Moosach, Milbertshofen-Am Hart, Schwabing-Freimann, Feldmoching-Hasenbergl, Altstadt-Lehel, Au-Haidhausen, Bogenhausen, Berg am Laim, Trudering-Riem, Ramersdorf-Perlach, Sendling, Sendling-Westpark, Obergiesing, Untergiesing-Harlaching, Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Frstenried-Solln, Hadern, Ludwigsvorstadt-Isarvorstadt, Schwanthalerhhe, Neuhausen-Nymphenburg, Pasing-Obermenzing, Aubing-Lochhausen-Langwied, Allach-Untermenzing, Laim, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 03:37. The breakdown by cities proper (not metropolitan areas) of Global 500 cities listed Munich in 8th position in 2009. Some of classical music's best-known pieces have been created in and around Munich by composers born in the area, for example, Richard Strauss's tone poem Also sprach Zarathustra or Carl Orff's Carmina Burana. The second large Baroque residence is Schloss Schleissheim (Schleissheim Palace), located in the suburb of Oberschleissheim, a palace complex encompassing three separate residences: Altes Schloss Schleissheim (the old palace), Neues Schloss Schleissheim (the new palace) and Schloss Lustheim (Lustheim Palace). The avenue crosses the Isar and circles the Friedensengel monument, then passing the Villa Stuck and Hitler's old apartment. The fields are now part of the Theresienwiese and the celebrations developed into Munich's annual Oktoberfest. It has one of the strongest economies of any German city and the lowest unemployment rate of all cities in Germany with more than 1 million inhabitants. He ruled over vast territories in the German Holy Roman Empire from the North and Baltic Sea to the Alps. The best route would be through Drenden, then going through Prague, then turning right towards Vienne, thereby touching Austria, and then finally reaching Gyor. Wie die Pest die Mnchner dahinraffte - Sddeutsche Zeitung (12. killed three people identified as German citizens by the mayor of Eging, east of Munich. . who fled or were expelled from East-Central Europe in its wake (Flchtlinge or . Facts & figures Population: 13.1 million State capital: Munich Surface area: 70,552 km2 Gross domestic product in million (2019): 632,897 (2nd place) Another area for the arts next to the Kunstareal is the Lehel quarter between the old town and the river Isar: the Museum Five Continents in Maximilianstrae is the second largest collection in Germany of artefacts and objects from outside Europe, while the Bavarian National Museum and the adjoining Bavarian State Archaeological Collection in Prinzregentenstrae rank among Europe's major art and cultural history museums. This new toll bridge most likely crossed the Isar where the Museuminsel and the modern Ludwigsbrcke is now located. The nearby Schackgalerie is an important gallery of German 19th-century paintings. BR. Communism: The Politics of Self-Representation Among Displaced Persons in Munich, 1945-51', PhD thesis, University of Chicago, 2005; Henriette von Holleuffer, Zwischen Fremde und . The king handed the brewing monopoly to Munich's wealthiest brewers, who in turn paid substantial taxs on their beer production. How much money do you need to live in Nuremberg? The city again became important to the Nazis when they took power in Germany in 1933. Directors like Alfred Hitchcock, Billy Wilder, Orson Welles, John Huston, Ingmar Bergman, Stanley Kubrick, Claude Chabrol, Fritz Umgelter, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Wolfgang Petersen and Wim Wenders made films there. [38] During the rule of Duke William V Munich began to be called the "German Rome" and William V began presenting Emperor Charlemagne as ancestor of the Wittelsbach dynasty. [81][82] The proximity to the Alps brings higher volumes of rainfall and consequently greater susceptibility to flood problems. A federal state and the capital city of Germany, Berlin is widely associated with its World War II history and former division of East and West Germany by the Berlin Wall during the Cold War. In the 15th century, Munich underwent a revival of Gothic arts: the Old Town Hall was enlarged, and Munich's largest Gothic church the Frauenkirche now a cathedral, was constructed in only 20 years, starting in 1468. [74], Munich hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics. [116][139][140], Munich nightlife tends to change dramatically and quickly. The Bavaria Film Studios are located in the suburb of Grnwald. In addition, Munich is home to two research universities, a multitude of scientific institutions, and world-renowned technology and science museums like the Deutsches Museum and BMW Museum. Its primary concert venue is the Herkulessaal in the former city royal residence, the Munich Residenz. Munich served as the location for many of Fassbinder's films, among them Ali: Fear Eats the Soul. Traditionally a ball for Munich's domestic servants, cooks, nannies, and other household staff, Kocherlball, or cooks ball was a chance for the lower classes to take the morning off and dance together before the families of their households woke up.