Almost half (46.54%) of the participants are living with a partner or spouse. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to determine the relationships among the factors affecting work-life balance and productivity. As a work practice, WFH means that an employee performs work-related activities from their home rather than being physically present at an employer location, typically using digital technology [5]. They wrote to the administrators of these institutions to invite their employees to participate in the online survey, not only for research purposes but also to promote health, safety, and productivity while on WFH through a webinar conducted for them at the end of the data gathering. Webincreasing their enjoyment of work, job satisfaction, and motivation. Paired t tests to compare means before and during WFH were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Wheatley D. Good to Be Home? Finally, Parts A and B were combined into a single questionnaire identified by a code for each company. The COVID-19 pandemic forced entire families to stay at home, so the situation and the workplace may not be very conducive to work. Thank you for taking time to provide your feedback to the editors. open access Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine determinant factors that influence lecturers' productivity during working from home arrangement in Enterprises should prioritize these workers for hybrid office arrangements and psychological support that mitigate the adverse effects of long-term WFH on physical and mental health. WebFemale, older, and high-income workers were likely to report increased productivity. Carillo K., Cachat-Rosset G., Marsan J., Saba T., Klarsfeld A. I am allowed to choose the way to go about my job (the procedures to utilize). Gombert L, Konze AK, Rivkin W, Schmidt KH. 1. Moreover, WFH reshapes the psycho-social and environmental aspects surrounding one's work, more specifically those in the home setting, which are intimately related to the person. The .gov means its official. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Information Management Research and Practice: Transforming Education, Work and Life. WebThis study considered some of the factors that could affect employees job satisfaction while working from home during the lockdown. Six factors that determine success when working from sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Fiss P.C. One possible explanation is that Bellmann et al. Get weekly and/or daily updates delivered to your inbox. Often, the latter dealings are avenues to listen and show support, give feedback, and align expectations. Donnelly N., Proctor-Thomson S.B. ; validation, J.Y. Several limitations of the study are identified. WFH falls into the category of remote work; existing research has identified factors that increase employee job satisfaction of remote work, including income, working hours, free time, appropriate physical activity [7], the frequency of remote work [8], work location [9], social interaction and technical support [10], position, company training, relationship with supervisors and environmental conditions at work [11]. They have adopted WFH arrangements to help minimize the impact of the pandemic on their businesses and employees. Andrade C., Lous E.P. ; software, Y.W. Since PD, SS, JA, WLB, WLD, and STR were not directly measurable, these were estimated using various indicators classifying these as latent variables. Correlation coefficients for all constructs were less than the minimum square root of AVE value, indicating acceptable discriminant validity. Social Support as a Mediator between Job Control and Psychological Strain. Christine Ipsen et al. Lautsch B.A., Kossek E.E., Eaton S.C. While one child is the median number of children less than 18years old with a maximum of seven children. Although there is limited SS in the WFH setting, it still influenced WLB. Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Click here to sign in with [(accessed on 17 October 2021)]. WLB suffers during WFH. The Impact of Extent of Telecommuting on Job Satisfaction: Resolving Inconsistent Findings. Walen H.R., Lachman M.E. Blanch A. There are 21.70% who have comorbidities while 7.23% of the participants are smokers. Grant-Vallone E.J., Donaldson S.I. Van Dierendonck D., le Blanc P.M., van Breukelen W. Supervisory Behavior, Reciprocity and Subordinate Absenteeism. In the third step of fsQCA, an algorithm produces a truth table of 2k rows (k = number of conditions), each of which represents a combination. The hypothesized relationships among the variables are shown in Fig. Each HR manager was offered a gift worth USD 30 for their efforts. (3) LWFH has a greater inhibitory effect on EJS among more highly educated employees, while HWSS for them is less important. Virtual Teams: Team Control Structure, Work Processes, and Team Effectiveness. JA does not affect STR or WLB but significantly affects PRO while working from home. In this regard, LWFH during the pandemic reflects the evolutionary nature of WFH when it is enforced by the crisis [59] and employee perceptions of work duration as an aspect of workload. Nakroien A., Buinien I., Gotautait B. The following countries participated in the study: More information: [90]. [(accessed on 13 December 2021)]. On the other hand, workstation ergonomic suitability and musculoskeletal symptoms have no significant effect on productivity.17. Clinical Significance: Working from home (WFH) is a prevailing condition globally due to the pandemic. Sirgy M.J., Lee D.J. Note: Black circles () indicate the presence of a condition, and circles with () indicate its absence. Thus, this paper aims to compare job-related and psychosocial factors before and during WFH setup and determine the relationship of job-related and psychosocial factors to WLB and productivity. The site is secure. Isabel A., Parada O. [99] proposed, the workplace environment can contribute to increased job satisfaction by reducing employee depression and stress. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (, The study extends the WFH literature beyond voluntary contexts, given that few studies have investigated enforced WFH [, This study enriches the literature on WFH supervision strategy management by introducing the concept of MM. The truth table is refined on the basis of frequency and consistency [98] (p. 44), where frequency refers to the number of observations for each combinationwith a suggested threshold of 3 for samples over 150 [97]and consistency is the extent to which cases correspond to the set-theoretic relationships expressed in a solution (which should not be less than 0.75) [98]. Why Teleworkers Are More Satisfied with Their Jobs than Are Office-Based Workers: When Less Contact Is Beneficial. While HWSS is a core condition for EJS, LWFH has an inhibitory effect unless HWSS, DSS and MM are appropriately combined. Keeping employees productive and healthy are important concerns of companies that allowed their employees to work from home due to the COVID19 pandemic. Of the HR managers who agreed to participate in the survey (n = 66), 52 were EMBA students, and 14 were LinkedIn users, mainly from manufacturing (31.5%), aerospace (21.2%), information technology (15.2%), internet services (13.9%), education (9.1%) and banking (7.6%). On comparing the configurations HWSS*DSS*MM and ~LWFH*HWSS*JA*MM, it seems clear that DSS and ~LWFH*JA are interchangeable. Women are expected to take care of children with little help from the husband.13 Young internet on-line workers, on the other hand, reported a significantly lower satisfaction with WLB and a higher negative workhome interaction because they spent more time at work.14 The competing demands of work and family life can create stress and anxiety for some workers. Do Role Clarity and Job Satisfaction Mediate the Relationship between Telework and Work Effort? Organizational tenure was classified in terms of five groups: 1 = less than one year; 2 = 12 years; 3 = 34 years; 4 = 510 years; 5 = more than 10 years. Work Frontiers | Influence of Working From Home During the COVID-19 being unable to get an erection at any time. When I encountered difficulties, people on the digital platform would help me discover the cause and provide me with suggestions. Finally, the study contributes to EST by situating it proactively in the context of enforced WFH. This study investigates the socio-demographic factors and work from home challenges associated with job satisfaction and work performance. Factors affecting Work from Office and Work from Studies showed that it is a significant determinant of employee productivity and performance.2426 It is a major problem for such employees that fail to balance the competing demands of work and family. On the other hand, self-determination theory emphasizes how WFH fulfils personal psychological needs (e.g., autonomy, competence, relatedness) as a driver of job satisfaction [17]. More and more companies and organizations around the world are considering how to meet their employees' demand for flexibility while at the same time reducing their office space and expensive rents. Gerdenitsch C. New Ways of Working and Satisfaction of Psychological Needs. Hence, the key to increasing PRO during WFH is to foster PD among employees. The findings indicate that three configurations promote EJS. The questions included were Do you have to do overtime?; Is your workload unevenly distributed so it piles up?; and How often do you exceed required work hours?, The three questions for stress (STR) were taken from the subscale in the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-COPSOQ II.37 Problems in relaxing, irritability, and tension are the aspects of STR that were asked. For most people, these three advantages outweighed the three main disadvantages: the inevitable shortcomings of the home office, the greater uncertainty when you don't meet physically with your boss and colleagues, and finally the reduced access to necessary work tools that are normally available in the office.". Kossek E.E., Pichler S., Bodner T., Hammer L.B. There are many factors affecting PRO, but we only considered the effects of SQ, SS, JA and STR in the structural equation model. Employees with high work-related smartphone use experience ego depletion when dealing with self-control demands at work. These results also identify HWSS as a core condition for EJS. This study investigates the impact that family-work conflict, social isolation, distracting environment, job autonomy, and self-leadership have on employees productivity, work engagement, and stress experienced when WFH during the pandemic. Piccoli G., Powell A., Ives B. The WFH situation forced many process changes to continue business operations. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Work Results also show that 7 months is the median duration of working from home among the study participants. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Study participants were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) used computer while working from home (2) worked from home for at least 2months. An official website of the United States government. On that basis, it is justifiable to conceptualize enforced WFH as an event. isolation, more time in front of the screen, Uncertainty about the worke.g. As HWSS is a core condition for achieving EJS, enterprises should instruct their employees to ensure that they maintain an undisturbed work environment by consciously avoiding family distractions, creating an independent workspace and keeping family members informed about their work schedule. Working from home blurs the boundaries between work and personal time. Golden T.D., Veiga J.F., Dino R.N. However, WFH also poses certain risks [28]. Bono J.E., Judge T.A. The flexibility given to employees in carrying out their tasks at home influences their feeling of being productive. According to these studies, WFH enhances job satisfaction by contributing to workfamily life balance [16]. The content is provided for information purposes only. To that end, we employed fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyse the experiences of home-based workers from 66 Chinese enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also makes it easier to connect and talk about any difficult issues.. During the pandemic, community quarantine measures are enforced that have led to restrictions on business operations to prevent the further spread of COVID-19 in the country. Such factors should be identified to facilitate targeted preventive actions for promoting work-life balance and productivity while working from home. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages. Telecommuting, Professional Isolation, and Employee Development in Public and Private Organizations. The six main factors can be used as a tool for analyzing which disadvantages should be minimized and which groups in the workplace benefit most from working at home. Factors Associated With Work-Life Balance and The findings reveal that three configurations promote employee job satisfaction and that a suitable home workspace is a core condition. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help With difficulties distancing oneself from work, increased stress, reduced social support, more overtime, etc, there is hardly quality time for personal life. Working from home effectiveness during Covid-19: Evidence from and Y.W. Work-life balance (WLB) is a focal aspect of interest in several research studies about work even before the pandemic forced employees to WFH. In other words, it's not a given that everyone feels positive about working from home, or have the same challenges. Delanoeije J., Verbruggen M., Germeys L. Boundary Role Transitions: A Day-to-Day Approach to Explain the Effects of Home-Based Telework on Work-to-Home Conflict and Home-to-Work Conflict. Brunelle E., Fortin J.-A. On the Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Forced e-Learning on Academic Teacher Motivational Job Characteristics. Chavez-Dreyfuss G. Permanently Remote Workers Seen Doubling in 2021 due to Pandemic Productivity-Survey. The sections that follow discuss the mechanisms that determine the impact of the five conditions on EJS. Drawing on event system theory, this study employed fsQCA to explore how EJS is affected by the alternative configurations of five antecedents of WFH event strength, time and space. The Impact of Professional Isolation on Teleworker Job Performance and Turnover Intentions: Does Time Spent Teleworking, Interacting Face-to-Face, or Having Access to Communication-Enhancing Technology Matter?