The Dravidian peoples, or Dravidians, are an ethnolinguistic and cultural group living in South Asia who predominantly speak any of the Dravidian languages. TNN / Sep 25, 2009, 01:16 IST. The participants being the Jews, Christians Muslims and the Hindus, it was decided, with the agreement of more than 50 well known historians, that the Aryan Invasion Theory be called the Aryan Migration Theory. [126] In South India various types of martial arts are practised like Kalaripayattu and Silambam. This system is preserved by the languages of Central Dravidian and South-Central Dravidian (other than Telugu). Birbal's reaction was in response to the King's decision not to reward a person who stood the whole night in a cold water-pool, finding an excuse that a candle was burning in a far-away window, and that he was getting heat from that light! [89] According to Zvelebil, "several scholars have demonstrated that pre-Indo-Aryan and pre-Dravidian bilingualism in India provided conditions for the far-reaching influence of Dravidian on the Indo-Aryan tongues in the spheres of phonology, syntax and vocabulary. [107] In Dravidian-speaking South India, the concept of divine kingship led to the assumption of major roles by state and temple. In the last century or two, cross-breeding has taken place in the West. The British had representation in India in the form of British East India Co. Now the British, around 1776, had to leave America, they desired to concentrate in India. The major grammatical categories are nouns and verbs. The origin of the Sanskrit word drvia is Tamil. Re. Imagine being a Kashmiri/Punjabi aryan and sharing a country with people who look like this. Telugu of South-Central Dravidian and Kurukh-Malto of North Dravidian have preserved the Proto-Dravidian gender in the singular but independently extended the meaning of *aw-ar to human as happened in South Dravidian. It includes Caucasians and also their sub-race. Thus,every aspect of the human life, that is considered beneficial to the human society, was qualified by the word 'arya'. [127] In vadakkan pattukal ballads, at least a few women warriors continued to practice and achieved a high degree of expertise.[127]. South Asian Studies, 13(1), pp 8797. Alexander Cunningham, then Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India, saw characters written on seals that had been found in the rubble'. What do the historians say about the ancestors of the Aryans? Direction: Although not a very important topic, however, UPSC can ask about language and culture-related themes based on this issue. In Sanskrit, the word 'arya' means noble. [30] Another inscription of about the same time in Nagarjunakonda seems to refer to a Damila. Mary Stanton & Albert Hyma in Streams of Civilization (1976) - They were nomads, lived of the meat of their herds and what loot they could gather from pillaged and conquered cities. GS Paper 1 Syllabus: Indian Culture Source: The Hindu Context: Governor of Tamil Nadu was recently criticised for his views on the Aryan-Dravidian divide. At the most,the word refers to group of people who have similar societal way of living, in contrast to the opponents, who were called 'Anarya'. This sari consists of a cloth wrapped around the waist and draped over the shoulder. [63], Shinde et al. [27] Traders and religious leaders travelled to southeast Asia and played an important role in the cultural Indianisation of the region. Most of the names of hills, rivers, villages and towns particularly in North India are austric (Mundaric/tribal)in origin and not in Indo-Aryan languages. Re. Thread: Aryan vs Dravidians - A Myth by Dr. Dr. Subramanian Swamy. These people, who invaded India and destroyed cities, now turned out to be a simple migratory one, settling down peacefully, in fact, what seemed to be destruction by the invading Aryans, turned out to be a simple act of nature - flooding. [23] According to Horen Tudu, "many academic researchers have attempted to connect the Dravidians with the remnants of the great Indus Valley civilisation, located in Northwestern India but [i]t is mere speculation that the Dravidians are the ensuing postIndus Valley settlement of refugees into South and Central India. He wanted Ghadhiji to under-take movement to abolish the caste system. The meaning of the word Arya is given as 'noble' in English dictionaries. A comprehensive description of Parpola's work until 1994 is given in his book Deciphering the Indus Script. The river had dried up around 1800 BC, where as it was in its full glory as far back as 3000 BC and earlier. [56] Gallego Romero notes that Indians who are lactose-tolerant show a genetic pattern regarding this tolerance which is "characteristic of the common European mutation". Thus, the blue-eyed people of Major Yeats-Brown, turned into groups of different blood, all speaking a common tongue, the Mother of all Indo-European languages. With the growing influence of Persian and Sufi music on Indian music, a clear distinction in style appeared from the 12th century onwards. As we approach 15oo BC(3500 years ago), the world population increased to 170 million. AIT refers to a period of few thousand years, written up in the last two centuries. The most interesting part of this fiction is when did the Aryans come to India? He was a law-maker, the Father of the Indian Constitution. Colonel Coke of Morodabad gave a very practical advice to the then Governor in a letter as follows: 'Our endeavor should be to uphold in full force, the separation which exists between different religions and races, not to endeavor to amalgamate them. The word Arya had great attraction for the Europeans, who used the word to create, one of the greatest fictional race of this world, the Aryans', with none of the arya qualities and complete illiterates with no script of there own. Allan O Hownslar & Terry L Smart in A Study of World History (1977) - The earliest Aryans had no interest in cities or trading. Oriental Institute, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. David McAlpin, "Toward Proto-Elamo-Dravidian". Rao's decipherment of the Indus script also proved that, the South Arabic and the Old Aramaic alphabets, as well as the Indian Brahmi, all are derived from the Indus script. In this sort of set-up, the indigenous women were required to warm up the beds, the mingling resulted in new races of Hispanic, Latino, Mulatto, Mestizo, Kriol etc. The British managed to snatch Surat from the Portuguese in 1690, and establish a trading post (English Factory) there. This mother goddess was conceived as a virgin, one who has given birth to all and one, and were typically associated with Shaktism. Further, he proposed that, 'we replace her old and ancient education system, her culture, for if the Indians think that, if all that is foreign and English is good and greater than their own, they will loose their self-esteem, and they will become what we want them, a truly dominated nation'. In the first para of the subject for comparison, it is stated that 'Aryans have mingled with the authentic Indian population, so no one can be characterized as a pure Dravidian or as a pure Aryan'. The present population is greatly affected by the D & R Policy, the main basis being the AIT. The final element (predicate) in a sentence can be verbal or nominal. [8] South Dravidian I (including pre-Tamil) and South Dravidian II (including pre-Telugu) split around the eleventh century BCE, with the other major branches splitting off at around the same time. What meaning would you derive from these information? These people are supposed to have come to India from the trans-Himalayan regions through the river valleys. This designation is not restricted by the shade of the skin, knowledge, wisdom, wealth, profession nor sex. It was decided that the area south of the Vindhya would be suitable. These elements were incorporated later into Hinduism like the legendary marriage of Shiva to Queen Mntchi who ruled Madurai or Wanji-ko, a god who later merged into Indra. Its modern conception is based solely on reconstruction. The reasons could be to retire a horse because of old age or due to some injury while serving his master. Aryan-Dravidian divide a myth: Study. The present population is over 1000 million. Many times these lungis are tube-shaped and tied around the waist, and can be easily tied above the knees for more strenuous activities. [8] According to Krishnamurti, Proto-Dravidian may have been spoken in the Indus civilisation, suggesting a "tentative date of Proto-Dravidian around the early part of the third millennium. i.e. The word Aryans was brutally used by Hitler during world war second to attain exclusion of Jews and other ethnicities from a specific group of Germans. Such indulgence has nothing to do with the freedom of speech nor expression of any-one. The earliest Dravidian literature that we know, the Tamil Sangam Poems of the early While the mutation spread across Europe, another explorer must have brought the mutation eastward to India likely traveling along the coast of the Persian Gulf where other pockets of the same mutation have been found. No one, in fact, no historian has a right to indulge in guess-work about the country, to which they do not belong. [40] There are also hundreds of Dravidian loanwords in Indo-Aryan languages, and vice versa. He then went on to separate them age-wise. The lungi is usually everyday dress, used for doing labour while dhoti is used for more formal occasions. ANSWER : Difference between Aryans and Dravidians as elucidated. Traditional dress of Dravidian women is typical of most Indian women, that of the sari. It was used by him to include a specific group of people who are native speakers of 19th century Indo-European languages. The melting of the ice created lakes and filled the rivers, in turn, the water was emptied in the sea, raising the sea level. #notmypresident. The journey was going on smoothly, suddenly they came across an obstacle - a competion was on between Mount Vindhya and Mount Meru - who is the tallest? [82][80][83][84], Ancient Tamil grammatical works Tolkappiyam, the ten anthologies Pattuppu, and the eight anthologies Euttokai shed light on early ancient Dravidian religion. India was no Americas - India had to deal with invasion for centuries. Revision - Guess-work needs to be discarded and correct history needs to be taught in schools. It was the people from outer world to come down and create this magical cities as the indigenous had no capacities. Ignorant or Good Vs. In this, they have failed miserably to locate a single European country that could provide the required qualifications - culture and language. "[10] They may have been indigenous to the Indian subcontinent,[11][12][13] but origins in, or influence from, western Asia have also been proposed. These languages are Telugu, Malayali, Kannada and Tamil. The origins of the Dravidians are a "very complex subject of research and debate." [6] Dravidian peoples are also present in Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa, Myanmar, East Africa, the Caribbean, and the United Arab Emirates through recent migration. The native Indians had been conquered without great difficulty by the war-like Aryans, and there-after, the Aryans had been the rulers and masters of tens of millions of docile little brown men'. [31] Epigraphic evidence of an ethnic group termed as such is found in ancient India where a number of inscriptions have come to light datable from the 6th to the 5th century BCE mentioning Damela or Dameda persons. Van Loon, like any other historians, avoided to answer any questions regarding their original home, nor about the language they spoke. Early Dravidian influence accounts for several of the innovative traits in Indic better than any internal explanation that has been proposed. They failed miserably in this task. There probably always existed linkages among the people living in various parts of the world. Portuguese explorers like Vasco de Gama were motivated to expand mainly for the spice markets of Calicut (today called Kozhikode) in modern-day Kerala. Thus, my arya friends, you are not only the provider of zero-based decimal system, but also, the alphabets of the world. There were two numbers in Proto-Dravidian, singular and plural. The object of the AIT was to demean the Indians. He was seen naked by his son Ham, who became the victim of his father's curse - all his progeny would be as dark as night and serve the descendants of Shem and Japhet. The most commonly spoken Dravidian languages are Telugu (), Tamil (), Kannada (), Malayalam (), Brahui (), Tulu (), Gondi and Coorg. Many genetecists and other scientists including Inians deny the theory of Aryan invasion in India.The author opinion is based on 19 century tradition of British imperial science.Read Out of eaden by Oppenheimer. (2011), their research on lactose tolerance in India suggests that "the west Eurasian genetic contribution identified by Reich et al. In 1856, while the first rail-road through the Indus River Valley was being built, two brothers found the ruins of ancient cities in a jungle area. As no "ASI" or "AASI" ancient DNA is available, the indigenous Andamanese (exemplified by the Onge, a possibly distantly related population native to the Andaman Islands) is used as an imperfect proxy. Dr Ambedkarji examined the Rigveda - supposedly the First Book of the Aryans as per Max Muller, written in 1000 BC. There are many different styles of sari draping varying across regions and communities. Erdosy (1995:18) Even though the innovative traits in Indic could be explained by multiple internal explanations, early Dravidian influence is the only explanation that can account for all of the innovations at once. WebWith the Aryan race concept was contrasted the idea of what was called the Dravidian race equally erroneous as a racial term. The word 'caste' needs to be explained further. Whether, one considered the area of origin around the Caspian Sea, or the foothills of the Caucasus, or any part of Russia or Europe, most of the areas were depopulated because of ice. Rosetta Stone is a large slab of stone found at a village by the same name in Egypt. The big Aryan-Dravidian debate: Inventing an invasion that These conquerors were not builders. "Out of Eden' by Stephen Oppenheimer is in respect of spread of humanity many many millions of years ago, when even the earth's plates may be in different positions. The stature is usually short or below medium. The Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple located in Indian state of Tamil Nadu is often considered as the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world. Or maybe the Sanskrit language originated in the modern civilization of the Indus. What tasks were allocated to the Shudras? Thus, Aryans the Conquistadors, the Barbarians, the Illiterates, enter India, lined up the women, and injected the genes, however forgot to maintain records, and now cannot trace it back! [25] They were preceded by a mixture of AASI (Ancient Ancestral South Indian, i.e. One of the events mentioned in the Mahabharat is Lord Krishna's instructions to his Sarthi, to go to Dwarika to inform the citizens, of the imminent submergence of the city due to rise in sea-level. ADVERTISEMENT As a proponent of the Dravidians, and the supposed historic There may not be any archaeological proofs (none what so ever)which testifies the historicity of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana but that India was completely a tribal country can be easily be proved by the remains of the numerous prehistoric tribal megaliths that is scattered all over the country. A C Bouquet in Comparative Religion - They were people very much the type of our Scandinavian fore-fathers, hard-fighting, heavy-drinking folk. In contrast, South Dravidian had a three-way distinction in the singular (masculine, feminine, neuter) and a two-way distinction in the plural (human, nonhuman). Web-Dravidians are not very well-versed in Hindi. (2016) discern four major ancestries in mainland India, namely ANI, ASI, Ancestral Austro-Asiatic tribals (AAA) and Ancestral Tibeto-Burman (ATB). And you are quite right, it is the innocent that needed to prove that he is not Aryan the Barbarian nor Aryan the Illiterate! [61] They further noted that "the direct lineal descendants of the Neolithic inhabitants of Mehrgarh are to be found to the south and the east of Mehrgarh, in northwestern India and the western edge of the Deccan plateau", with neolithic Mehrgarh showing greater affinity with chalocolithic Inamgaon, south of Mehrgarh, than with chalcolithic Mehrgarh.[61]. [21][75][76] The Indus Valley Civilisation seemed to slowly lose their urban cohesion, and their cities were gradually abandoned during the late Harappan period, followed by eastward migrations before the Indo-Aryan migration into the Indian subcontinent. The historian, Hendrik Van Loon,in his book 'The Story of Mankind', published 1921, provides an interesting meaning, even though incorrect in my opinion, of the word 'Aryan'. The President clearly expressed the intentions of this organization to be 'to achieve the general extension of our pure faith in Hindustan'. My response is based on today not the past. Past is where we came from but we live today and tomorrow. Other than the languages spoken, fundamental Either an origin from the Indus Valley region which is based on genetic data as well as archaeological and linguistic evidence, in which proto-Dravidian was spread by peoples of the IVC, or from the pre-Indus groups of eastern peninsular India, which would be consistent with vocabulary about flora and fauna of peninsular India. IVC - Some historians have opined that people from OUTER SPACE have developed these advanced cities. Many literary works were composed in Carnatic style and it soon spread wide in the Dravidian regions. Dravidian languages evolved from Proto-Dravidian language. [113], Mayamata and Manasara shilpa texts estimated to be in circulation by the 5th to 7th century AD, are guidebooks on the Dravidian style of Vastu Shastra design, construction, sculpture and joinery technique. A sentence that ends in a noun phrase predicate can become subordinate by the addition of a nonfinite verb such as * to be, or *yan to say. Quotations are signaled by a quotative particle derived from the verb to say meaning having said.. Over many centuries a fusion of. reComparison, reCompare, ComparisonEngine and the "vs" symbol are trademarks of MicroTier, Inc, Sign Basu et al. One cannot have a better example of the historicity of the event that occurred few years after, as well as the scientific knowledge to be able to forecast an event with such accuracy. had 4582% Iranian farmer-related ancestry and 1150% AASI (or Andamanese-related hunter-gatherer ancestry). The Brahmins (7% of the Hindu population), Kshatriya and Vaishyas (23%) and the Shudras (70%), all had tasks allocated to them. The mounds of earth, that covered bones and skeletons of the indigenous, now unearthed highly developed cities with all the facilities for the residents. Based on a proto-Dravidian assumption, they proposed readings of many signs, some agreeing with the suggested readings of Heras and Knorozov (such as equating the "fish" sign with the Dravidian word for fish, "min") but disagreeing on several other readings. [122] The theatrical culture flourished during the early Sangam age. Day People vs. Night People: What do they do? Svastika Mansion: A Silpa-Sastra in the 1930s. Some linguists explain this anomaly by arguing that Middle Indo-Aryan and New Indo-Aryan were built on a Dravidian substratum. The formation of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal took place in 1784, that was followed by Socitie Asiatique of Paris in 1822, Royal Asiatic Society of G.B. [65] Already in 1924, when announcing the discovery of the IVC, John Marshall stated that (one of) the language(s) may have been Dravidic. The face is typically flat where the eyes are oblique with epicanthic fold. Aryans-North Indians are Sanscrit language based speakers and Dravidyans-south Indians are Tamil language based speakers. Both groups of these Indi They destroyed the cities they entered and left the ruins to decay. The dilema of the historians continue. Ben, thank you for pointing out that the intellectuals have rejected the Aryan Invasion Theory (AIT), and I do hope that is the case. does not say aryans came from persia it says they came from that direction, please be extra accurate with this matter because persians use this little fault to prove themselves as aryans while they are very semitic, they even use pictures of iranian azeri turks to prove themselves as whites! Should not the history books be corrected as soon as possible? He says that, 'u ntil 1922, we had few records of human life in India older than the days of the Aryan-speaking invaders apart from a handful of scattered relics of the Stone Age. [52] According to another study, the neolithic farmers ancestry component forms the main ancestry of modern South Asians. South Dravidian and South-Central Dravidian languages innovated a second singular form in the first person, *n/*an-, perhaps backformed by analogy from the first inclusive plural *m/*am-. Wouldn't you say that the Indians are a mix of white, black, red and yellow! The Portuguese already had a foot-hold in Goa, the Capital of their Eastern Empire. Srinivasa Dravidians follow Hinduism more religiously as compared to Aryans. The changes were made to the education system - to replace the old and ancient system of education and her culture, thus break the very backbone of this nation as Lord Macaulay predicted. Thus, the ground work was already laid when Lord Macaulay visited India around 1835 to study the educational needs of the Indians. [23], The Dravidian language influenced the Indo-Aryan languages. Thus, the statement that we stated off with is not applicable to the people of South India. Perhaps, you may like to answer, presently, why people of the same color are fighting and killing each other in the Middle East, Africa and Eurasia? Bhikhubhai, great stuff. The classic case is where Mc Neill (A World History - 1967) states that 'the war-like invaders destroyed the Indus cities around 1500 BC, inaugurated a dark and barbarous age in India', where as, just a decade after, Hownslar and Smart (People and our World - A study of World History - 1977), states that 'Mohenjo-daro and Harappa had been abandoned by 1500 BC' and that 'they might have been destroyed by a series of floods of the Indus river'. Carnatic music originated in the Dravidian region. [25] The present people of the Indian subcontinent, including the Dravidians, are of a mixed genetic origin and have ancestry from indigenous South Asian Hunter Gatherers, Neolithic west Asian farmers from Iran and Steppe Yamnaya pastoralists. The lungi consists of a colourful checked cotton cloth. It is then stressed that 'it does not mean a common racial stock' and further explains that 'they were of different blood'. The Aryans had no word for brick in their language. Dr Ambedkar's researches into Rigveda conclusively proved that the race of Aryans did not come from outside India. The numerals 1 to 5 and 8 to 10 consist of one of several roots plus one of three fused neuter morphemes, *t, *tt, or *k, thus *on-tu (roots *r/*or-, *on-) 1; *ir-a-u (*r/*ir-V) 2; *muH-n-tu/*m-n-tu (*muH-/*m-) 3; *nl-n(kk)u (*nl/*nal-V-) 4; *caym-tu (*cay-) 5; *e-u (*e-) 8; *paH-tu (*paH-) 10. This is very valuable material. EQUUS SIVALENSIS, South East Asian breed has 17 pairs of ribs, where as Equus Przevaalskii, Central Asian and European breed have 18 pairs of ribs. [24], According to a large craniometric study (Raghavan and Bulbeck et al. In the process of simplifying the system, the latter three suffixes have come to be used as common plural for both human and nonhuman nouns. You probably have umpteen nice things in you. HYDERABAD: The great Indian divide along north-south lines now stands blurred. Arya-Dravid status has disappeared, replaced by provincialism, caste and corruption. There is no bigger punishment for the Europeans and their hisptorians for creating such a FICTION to harm people of other race and their culture. The details about the horse is very interesting, too. The white race that entered India was called Aryan, because they came via Iran. Each of the Dravidian languages has developed several postpositions from independent words that indicate case meanings (e.g., near, up to, until, purpose, cause, above, below, by the side of). Sports like Kambala, Jallikattu, Kabaddi, Vallam Kali, Lambs and Tigers and Maramadi remain strong among Dravidian ethnic groups. Many of these primitive megaliths are NOT sepulchral but has been found to have been created with mathematical and astronomical perfection. Aryans and Dravidians View of historian P.T. Between the three of them, they have produced world's alphabets, excluding the Chinese and the related ones. The British adopted different tactics, resulted in the now famous policy of Divide and Rule. Also, other people have come to live in Northern India like Australoids and Mongoloids as they were groups of historic invaders. It has praised profusely, the river Sarasvati. [108], The cult of the mother goddess is treated as an indication of a society which venerated femininity. Webfour major language families of this region are Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Munda, and Tibeto-Burman. Aryans are white skinned. 'Living along the shores of Caspian Sea for many centuries - wandered forth in search of a new home - for many centuries lived among the peaks which surround the plateau of Iran, and that is why we call them Aryans. Dept. The third-person pronouns are derived from deictic bases *aH- that, *iH- this, and *yaH- what.. In Mahabharata, Bhishma claimed that southerners are skilled with sword-fighting in general and Sahadeva was chosen for the conquest of the southern kingdoms due to his swordsmanship. By innovating a feminine singular *aw-a she (female human), the South Dravidian languages thus restricted the meaning of *a-tu to it (nonhuman animate/thing). [15][41] In the 1990s, Renfrew and Cavalli-Sforza have also argued that Proto-Dravidian was brought to India by farmers from the Iranian part of the Fertile Crescent,[14][42][43][note 1] but more recently Heggerty and Renfrew noted that "McAlpin's analysis of the language data, and thus his claims, remain far from orthodoxy", adding that Fuller finds no relation of Dravidian language with other languages, and thus assumes it to be native to India. [66] Cultural and linguistic similarities have been cited by researchers Henry Heras, Kamil Zvelebil, Asko Parpola and Iravatham Mahadevan as being strong evidence for a proto-Dravidian origin of the ancient Indus Valley civilisation.
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