Who is the Man of Lawlessness? Verses 6-8: Jesus will destroy this man of lawlessness. A simple outline of this week's passage makes things pretty easy: Verses 1-5: You should have remembered that Jesus comes back after the man of lawlessness is revealed. This commentator anticipates a yet-future appearing of a human lawless one, whose manifestation amid false signs and prophecies will precede Jesus return and final judgment. Consider Matthew 24:33. 2:3) Doug Burleson Paul's words concerning the "man of lawlessness" in 2 Thess. Rev. 3:37; Jude 1719). 51 AD Or consider what Jesus said in Matthew 24: As we've said multiple times in Thessalonians, we're not supposed to put any energy into predicting the future. In particular, they have previously been informed about the coming of the man of lawlessness. Paul is going to say some more things about him in verses 9-11 that will help paint a clearer picture. In any case, the OT messianic resonances are clear: the Messiahs judgment prevails against all lawlessness. Or employees? apokalypt; also 2 Thess. You listen to John Piper. Who is the restrainer the Bible talks about in 2 Thessalonians 2:6? Loving God. The Identification of the Man of Lawlessness - 2 Thessalonians 2:3-5. ", The line is not "Luke, I am your father.". [It was either this or "the man of lawlessness" (don't worry - I'll talk about him later).]. It was later revised to 1941. Jesus will destroy the lawless one by the breath of his mouth. In the OT, God kills with his fiery breath (Job 4:9; cf. Consider, for example, the Branch Davidians. (Hosea 1 & 3). So, Satan continues mimicking the gospel and Gods work. comment on 2:34). The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? The church members were understandably distraught! The only reason I noticed your quite cogent answer is because it was flagged as a "New Contributor" response. 2 not to be easily disconcerted or alarmed by any spirit or message or letter seeming to be from us, alleging that the Day of the Lord has already come.. 3 Let no one deceive you in any way, for it will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of . Jesus as a killer According to the lecture, 2 Thessalonians is the only document in the Pauline corpus to refer to (or depict) three things. Jerry Falwell (and Tim LaHaye!) The passage has been historically noted for its exceptional difficulty. Sometimes historians associate these passages with Nero who supposedly murdered his mother, but it appears to be taking about Judas (4:3) which has nothing to do with Nero. This week's passage is based on actual "fake news". 34 Truly I tell you, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things take place. Um, no. Paul has experienced such evil, as has the persecuted church in Thessalonica. [Shall be] revived the great King of Angoulmois. They will claim that they are doing these things in the name of Godin His authority. 2 Thessalonians 2:1 If you want people to buy your book predict the end of the world. I'll give you more about Matthew 24 below, but for our purposes right now, know that Jesus used the word "deceive" a lot there. But they won't return to God; they will believe the lie. In this regard, this passage is linked with the portrayal of the beasts and the false prophet in the book of Revelation (Rev. In fact, I take Matthew 24:24 (which I cited above) to mean that. But make sure to emphasize the real reason Paul mentions the man of lawnessness in the first place: Do catch the "mystery of lawlessness" comment. How do we know that this antichrist won't be granted supernaturally long life? October 1, 2021 By Peter Krol Perhaps you've heard of the Man of Lawlessness, otherwise known as the lawless one, who "opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God" ( 2 Thess 2:4 ). Bible: Quiz 8.29.4 Week Twenty-Nine Notes, Bible:8.28.5 - Week Twenty-Eight Bible Readin, Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self. 1. Lawlessness in the present age (now) is not yet as bad as it could be. "Okay, but that doesn't help us understand what this man of lawlessness has to do with everything. This man is destined for destruction. Marie Antionette didn't say "let them eat cake". (2 Th 2:3) That is a title used only one other place in scripture, when talking about Judas (John 17:12). Apparently, Paul explained this restraint to the people, and he expects them to remember. 1 Now concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our being gathered together to Him, we ask you, brothers, . More importantly the Ascension of Isaiah establishes a connection with the Belial/Beliar tradition, which means something like lawless or worthless one. Can we trust biblical prophecy? Or that Christ will return to defeat him the same day he appears? It's a downer of a conclusion. When people get such a prophecy wrong, why do others keep listening to them? Paul used that truth to encourage them. Premillenialists are likely to say it is the leader of a reborn Roman empire, or perhaps the pope. By the time the first apostles die, all of the "signs" will have taken place. They will want many to follow after them in their deeds. They will falsely accuse those they will cast out labeling/judging them as devils and all the while proclaiming they are doing it in the authority of God. That's the main point. I really can't. 7:2427; 8:2326; 11:2045; esp. Show footnotes. and in thy apollymi ) refers to those whose destruction awaits them. Comparisons with other passages in Daniel, Matthew, and Revelation reveal this man to be none other than the Antichrist. unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the Some people say "No, this means that Christ will return really, really soon, and that's a predictor." I have many emotional scars from conversations that began with "We talked about this". Those people want to reject the truth; God will allow them to. ", 23 If anyone tells you then, See, here is the Messiah! or, Over here! do not believe it. This became known as "The Great Disappointment", and his followers later retconned it to mean that Christ had begun his atoning work in heaven on that day. What are 1099 and W9 Tax Forms? How do you interpret these lines? and lying wonders, (10) And with all deceivableness of Perhaps if you define "church father" as a prominent figure of the post-renaissance reformation movement you can get there, but that's not what most people think of when they hear the expression. Paul teaches elsewhere that the rise of deceitful spirits and teachings of demons and also times of difficulty will be indicative of the last days (1 Tim. Moral of the story? Who is the "man of lawlessness" in 2 Thess 2? John 17:12) and the seed of lawlessness (cf. They all have the same characteristics and one is that they love to be first. 16:25; 1 Cor. Some people though Paul said that Jesus had already come back ("I heard it from a friend who"), but Paul hadn't said that. 11:31). God will give them a taste of this by removing Satan's restraints in this end-of-the-world scenario involving the man of lawlessness. Kant's Moral Theory. Paul encourages believers to be diligent in ministering to others because Jesus hasn't returned yet. 2 Thessalonians 2:8-9 clearly tell us that the man of lawlessness is the under the control of the Satan. In Daniel it is this king who sets up the abomination that makes desolate in Jerusalem (Dan. 2:19; Acts 21:21). In talking about the end times, 2 Thessalonians 2:34 says, "Let no one deceive you in any way. As we said last week, they didn't have the tools that we have to detect "fake news". Matthew 7:21-23 KJV (21) Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, 2 Thessalonians 2King James Version. You watch his pen "draw out" meaning. 20. whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs In addition to capitalizing proper nouns, poets also capitalize some common nouns when referring to objects and ideas as if they were specific human beings. 1 About the times and the seasons: Brothers and sisters, you do not need anything to be written to you. However, the mention in verse 6 of in his time seems to speak more of Gods sovereign timing that governs the removing of restraint. This antichrist is described in Daniel 7:8, 21-27 and Revelation 13. 9. There will be no mistaking the signs of Jesus' return. In 1 Thessalonians 4, Paul reminded them that all Christians would be gathered together (even the dead would rise) to be with Jesus when He returns. Here, he unpacks 2 Thessalonians 2 and explains the four different views of the Man of Lawlessness. This ruler in the form of that king will come and there will come and there will come with him all the powers of this world, and they will hearken unto him in all that he desires. That power is considerable, especially when directed at us foolish and easily-deceived mortals. comments on 1 Thess. In those book, angels have physical sword fights with demons, but if the Christians aren't praying, they can't win the fight. Making Disciples. Subscribe to the CompellingTruth.org Newsletter: Who is the man of lawlessness Paul talks about in 2 Thessalonians 2:112? This word for perishing (Gk. Don't These Signs Help Us Predict the Second Coming? Clearly the lawlessness of Satan seeks to mimic the good work of God in Christ. Paul assumes the Thessalonians recall that instruction. In 2 Thessalonians 1:7, Jesus will be revealed (apocalupto) from heaven, whereas in 2:3, 6, & 8, the lawless one will be revealed. 4:1; 2 Tim. Can airtags be tracked from an iMac desktop, with no iPhone? (Some manuscripts say "man of sin" but the best evidence is for "man of lawlessness". If in 2:7 lawlessness is at work (Gk. Those events point to a more-and-more eminent return of Christ. When Paul declares, You know what is restraining him now, we again confront our lack of firsthand knowledge. The verbs Paul applies here to lawlessness is the same as language he uses elsewhere of God and Christ. 5 For many will come in my name, saying, I am the Messiah, and they will deceive many. 2:9). Then why are you worried that Jesus has come back? more below). Paul here draws on OT Danielic imagery concerning a ruler opposed to God and his people (cf. In 2 Thessalonians he wrote that the day of the Lord cannot begin immediately. There's no evidence that Ben Franklin performed the kite/lightning experiment, and the existence of electricity was known for a long time prior. Marshall Applewhite (Heaven's Gate) "claimed that a spacecraft was trailing the Comet Hale-Bopp and argued that suicide was the only way to evacuate this Earth so that the cult members' souls could board the supposed craft and be taken to another level of existence above human. Briefly explain the significance of Thirteenth Amendment. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? Those miracles are going to fool a lot of people. 3:5). But that leaves a big window for deception "in between". Jesus is greater.). 2:7). And then to 1975. The Man of Lawlessness -- Paul's Reminder in 2 Thessalonians 2:1-12 In scolding his readers for falling for an obviously fake letter that Jesus had already returned, Paul focuses on the "sign" of the man of lawlessness, an enemy of Christ who will deceive many at the Second Coming. 2 Thessalonians 2:5-10 KJV (5) Remember ye not, that, when I was yet withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. 72), Why are people so interested in doomsday prophecies, Why are we supposed to NOT get involved in doomsday predictions, 6 So when they had come together, they asked him, Lord, are you restoring the kingdom to Israel at this time? 7 He said to them, . Applewhite and 38 of his followers committed mass suicide. What Did Jesus Say about the End of the World? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. name have cast out devils? 15:19; 2 Cor. And all these things, behold they are written [in the Psalms] in the parables of David, the son of Jesse, and in the Proverbs of Solomon his son, and in the words of Korah, and Ethan the Israelite, and in the words of Asaph, and in the rest of the Psalms also which the angel of the Spirit inspired. This man of lawlessness is not Satan, but a ruler under his control. There is a reverse of this: "If Jesus doesn't come back until after the man of lawlessness, doesn't that mean that Jesus can't come back "at any moment"?". The church historian Eusebius said that those who followed the apostles were told that the one Jesus spoke of (John 5:43) was a lying, end time antichrist as spoken of in 2nd Thessalonians. They will cast out any who will not follow after them (in your name we have cast out devils). Because Jesus' audience wants to know exactly when Jesus will return (which they can't know), and Paul's audience is worried that Jesus has already returned (which they should have known better). Write the term that best matches the definition given below. 3 Let no one deceive you in any way; for that day . (12) Demetrius hath good report of all men, and of the truth When the disciples asked Jesus about the signs and timing of his second coming, Jesus responded that false messiahs and prophets would precede his return, as would tribulation against the church (Matt. ], [You might remember the Peretti books. I know that some of you have many questions, so I'll try to answer them here. 13. 1:11, 20; 3:20; Phil. Why, 20 For his invisible attributes, that is, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen since the creation of the world, being understood through what he has made. said 1974 with Comet Kohoutek and then revised it to 1993. The Thessalonians need not worry that they may be numbered among those who will be deceived by the man of lawlessness, since they already know and love the truth. The line is not "Mirror, mirror, on the wall. John 16:1-4 KJV (1) These things have I spoken unto you, that ye If any discussion comes out of this topic, I really hope you direct it here: Jesus was very clear that we will not know when He is going to return. (2) They shall put you out of the synagogues: That is, he's called a man of lawlessness. Jesus called him "the ruler of this world" (John 12:31), and Paul called him "the god of this world" (2 Cor 4:4). And two, that doesn't match theology. The Man of Lawlessness. However, Pauls reliance in this context on OT imagery and Jesus eschatological instruction implies that temple of God refers to the Jerusalem temple. These evil deeds will be claimed to be in His (Gods) name or authority. Satan doesn't know when Jesus will return; he's just constantly pushing against God's restraints (that Paul will talk about). -man of lawlessness revealed (antichrist) what are the various descriptions of the "man of sin"? Before and after, Mars [shall] reign as chance will have it. The following are the words of Jesus found in 2 Thessalonians 2, 2 Thessalonians 2: Remember ye not, that, when I was yet with you, I Whatever its mistakes the Roman Catholic Church promotes belief in the God of the Bible, faith in Christ as well as high moral standards. So Paul explained to them that this future time of tribulation had not yet come because a certain "man of lawlessness" had not yet been revealed ( 2 Thessalonians 2:3 ). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Here's an overview of the some of the predictions of the apocalypse. But there will be. loveth to have the preeminence among them, receiveth us not. But even that will be a mercy because people will still have the chance to realize their foolishness and return to God. In 2 Thessalonians 2:3-10, the "man of sin" is described as one who will be revealed before the Day of the Lord comes. Sinbad did not star in "Shazaam" in the 1990s. 2:1112). 2021by First Baptist Church. 24:413, 2328; Mark 13:513, 2123; Luke 21:819). 1:11; for signs and wonders, cf. 3 While he was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples approached him privately and said, Tell us, when will these things happen? He will be revealed (Gk. Copyright 2011-2023 Got Questions Ministries - All Rights Reserved. Deu 13:15 Thou shalt surely smite the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, destroying it utterly, and all that is therein, and the cattle thereof, with the edge of the sword. If so, then many contend this would require a future rebuilding of the Jerusalem temple prior to the advent of the lawless one. -son of destruction -one who exalts himself -sits as God had paul told the thessalonians of these things before? Therefore, Paul often speaks in abbreviated ways about matters that we may wish he had written about in greater detail. Since then, we have been living in "the end times". I recommend waiting to talk in depth about the man of lawlessness until the end of the lesson. 2:6 he who "now" restrains him will do so until he is out of the way. Google "failed predictions" and you'll get a lot of lists. In fact, I take Matthew 24:24 (which I cited above) to mean that Christians cannot be deceived into believing the Antichrist is Christ. The central interpretive debate in these two verses concerns the identity of this man of lawlessness. This view was later picked up by a pastor that influenced John Nelson Darby and C.I. gospel-centered, Bible-centered content. These statementsthat the day of the Lord could begin soon, but it could not begin immediatelymay seem contradictory, but they are not. ", 36 Now concerning that day and hour no one knowsneither the angels of heaven nor the Sonexcept the Father alone. This Day, sometimes called the "end times," starts after the rapture of the church in 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18 (cf. But all of this is within God's plan. And there will be the power of his miracles in every city and region. It was only in the 1600's, in an attempt to divert attention away from the Papacy, that Francisco Ribera wrote a commentary on Revelation that pointed to a future Antichrist. energe; cf. yes Sets with similar terms Exam 2 Passages 28 terms peter_wentz bible test 1 Thessalonians 53 terms emmakatecarter2002 But Paul tells them that they, I rarely like Lifeway's outline titles. As in 1 Thessalonians, Pauls instruction on such matters is likely informed by Jesus own eschatological teaching (cf. From Daniel 9:24-27 we learn this man is first revealed when he makes a firm _____with the Jews. They will be revealed that they do not know God nor the Son by their evil deeds. Paul labels any teaching opposed to the eschatological message of his gospel as an effort at deception (cf. Further descriptors are applied to this lawless one. This article is part of the Tough Passages series. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. And after (one thousand) three hundred and thirty-two days the Lord will come with his angels and with the armies of the holy ones from the seventh heaven with the glory of the seventh heaven, and He will drag Beliar into Gehenna and also his armies. 1 John 2:22; 4:3; 2 John 7). 22 Claiming to be wise, they became fools 23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man, birds, four-footed animals, and reptiles. They believed that David Koresh (real name Vernon Wayne Howell) was the Messiah, and they died badly. doeth God service. God may then be the restrainer (perhaps specifically as the Holy Spirit) or may act through the agency of an angelic restrainer. What is the point of Thrower's Bandolier? 3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that . In 1 John 3:4, sin is equated with lawlessness, so the meaning is the same.). 2 Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering together unto him, 2 That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of Christ is at hand. In those book, angels have physical sword fights with demons, but if the Christians aren't praying, they can't win the fight. Although Paul and his colleagues were compelled to leave Thessalonica sooner than they wished (Acts 17:10), they were able to begin instructing the Thessalonians concerning the events of Jesus return. 3 gLet no one deceive you in any way. 2:910). prating against us with malicious words: and not content therewith, Various views on this restrainers identity were discussed in the preceding verse. Dr. Joel R. Beeke is president and professor of systematic theology and homiletics at Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary. This connects well with the lawless ones action in the templeproclaiming himself to be God. The man of lawlessness promotes himself in place of God Almighty as the central deity to be worshiped. This should make you think of something we read just a few weeks ago: So, this topic was on their mind. In his second letter to the Thessalonians Paul gives the troubled believers assurance with regard to the end of the age. Create your discussion outline based on the passage. 22. Deu 13:14 Then shalt thou enquire, and make search, and ask diligently; and, behold, if it be truth, and the thing certain, that such abomination is wrought among you; (2 Thess. CHAPTER 4 comment on 2 Thess. The only other use of the Greek word for exalts himself (hyperair) in Paul bears connotations of conceit (2 Cor. rev2023.3.3.43278. This sort of bickering is pointless and counterproductive. In 2 Thessalonians 2:3-10, the "man of sin" is described as one who will be revealed before the Day of the Lord comes. (That math doesn't work for me.). 11:1, 4). In Ephesians 2:2 is Paul speaking of "mighty works" by "Satan"? The Greek word for rebellion (apostasia) occurs in the Septuagint OT and in the NT to speak of rebellion against God and his law (Josh. This role includes tempting, deceiving, and ruining. He that doeth good is of God: but he that doeth evil hath not seen Jesus will bring him to nothing. An intriguing recent monograph argues that Paul believed the restrainer to be an angel of God, noting that, in Daniel, the lawless ruler who establishes the abomination of desolation (Dan. 2 Thessalonians 2:8 (AMP): Then the lawless one [the Antichrist] will be revealed and the Lord Jesus will slay him with the breath of His mouth and bring him to an end by the appearance of His coming. They will be manifested that they are not of God and will want others to follow their bad example. Remarkably, a major Jewish literary source from the period appeals to Danielic language by labeling the pagan altar Antiochus set up in the temple as the abomination of desolation (1 Macc. How are Christians ultimately able to stand firm in their faith? 2 Thessalonians 2 . 4:1516; 5:1). Think about it this way: what miraculous sign would get your attention? 26 So if they tell you, See, hes in the wilderness! dont go out; or, See, hes in the storerooms! do not believe it. Empowered by Satan, the lawless one will arrive accompanied by false wonders and signs, thus deceiving unbelievers; but even this is under Gods sovereign control (2 Thess. Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! Isaiah prophesied that the messianic shoot from the stump of Jesse would kill the wicked with the breath of his lips (Isa. Paul returns to the revelation of the lawless one (cf. We are again reminded of Jesus Olivet Discourse, in which he warns of coming false messiahs and prophets who perform signs and wonders in order to lead others astray (Matt. 2:3 have proven difficult for biblical interpreters because of their historical and literary contexts. If they had, they could have saved themselves a lot of heartache. Um, no. God. Is there a proper earth ground point in this switch box? What was that? The lawless ones efforts to receive worship result in his taking his seat in the temple of God. Commentators debate which temple is envisioned here, with most opting for the Jerusalem temple, though others suggest the Thessalonians would imagine an important temple in their city, and still others argue the temple is a reference to the church as the temple of God (e.g., 1 Cor. Note that when Paul speaks of the "temple of God"(2 Thess 2:4) elsewhere (1 Co 3:16-17, 1 Co 6:19, 2 Co 6:16) he is talking about the body of believers, the church. 2:10; Eph. But here's the really interesting consequence of verse 11: it takes more effort not to believe in God than to believe in God. and in thy name done many wonderful works? We don't know how the man of lawlessness fits into the Second Coming because it hasn't happened yet. Some have suggested that this lawless one must refer to Satan himself or to one of his demons, but Satan is mentioned later as a separate figure (2 Thess. People who try to predict it are deliberately countering Jesus' direct statement. As we've said multiple times in Thessalonians, we're not supposed to put any energy into predicting the future. Let me say that the point of the books -- that spiritual warfare is real and that Christians need to pray -- is great. 2). The Man of Lawlessness (2 Thess. 16. Whoever the restrainer is . Let me build on my aside: Satan has power that, But God doesn't allow Satan to "empower" a currently existing man of lawlessness; God has a, Can you imagine someone with the power of Satan prowling about the earth? let, until he be taken out of the way. Ricky Never said "Lucy, you have some 'splaining to do!". shewing himself that he is God. The Man of Lawlessness. And all that he hath desired he will do in the world: he will do and speak like the Beloved and he will say: "I am God and before me there has been none." Eph. 1 2 Thessalonians Ch 2:1-12 - Text. What Does It Mean That Women Should Remain Quiet in Church? 2 Thess. 88:23 LXX [English 89:22]). I rarely like Lifeway's outline titles. (7) For the He even bought billboards. To the extent that the lawless one comes with false signs and wonders and deception (2 Thess. The boat is unsinkable" - Philip Franklin. 5. Others have specifically considered his sitting in the temple (2:4) to refer to the destruction of the Jerusalem temple at the hand of Titus (AD 70), but the specifics of that event do not align with an individuals calling himself God while seated in the temple precincts. 24:45, 1113, 2325). Therefore, the Thessalonians need not fear that the world is out of control. My observations have been that the most current questions draw the most activity. At 2 Thessalonians 2:6, Paul wrote, regarding his day, about "the thing that acts as a restraint" on the lawless one. Quietly does not mean that women are never to utter a word when the church gathers for worship. You see for yourself whether the meaning is really there. He then reasons that the day of the Lord has not yet begun, since the world has not yet experienced the rebellion and the man of lawlessness, both of which must precede the day of the Lord. ), "Flight by machines heavier than air is impractical and insignificant, if not utterly impossible" - Simon Newcomb, 1902, "I am apt to believe that [the Second Day of July] will be celebrated, by succeeding Generations, as the great anniversary Festival - John Adams, 1776, People in industrialized countries will only need to pop into the office for brief three-hour shifts or a fifteen-hour work week by the year 2030 - John Keynes, 1930, Theres no chance that the iPhone is going to get any significant market share. 5:14 ). Rom. 2:3) The second thing is the "man of lawlessness" ( 2 Thess. Whether or not there will be a physical temple in Jerusalem is not yet foreseeable. will of my Father which is in heaven. 37 related questions found. The resulting Maccabean revolt eventually led to Jewish priests and kings again being in control in Jerusalem. 21. What are they? 13:1118; 16:1314; 19:1920). They will do these things supposedly in His name or authority. The biggest sign is the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the temple (which happens in 70 AD). 3 "Man of Lawlessness" also called the "Son of Destruction" sets up the "Abomination of Desolation" starting the Great Tribulation! How much tax do you pay on 1099 income? And God will enable their determination. That power is entirely controlled by God (see Job 1), but when the Day of the Lord approaches, God will allow some of the restraints to be removed. The time will come that whosoever will kill you (with false accusationslabeling them as devils)will think that he does God service (part of the original Lie of Satan in Genesis). 2 Thessalonians 2:3-5, Part 4. At the end of the tribulation, armies will unite under the leadership of the man of lawlessness to fight against the King of kings and Lord of lords as described in the battle of Armageddon ( Revelation 16:16; 19:19 ). What is the and who is the at 2 Thess 2:6-7? Satan mimics Gods work by causing a lawless one to appear, though ultimately Satans designs will fail (cf.
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